Learning Objectives:

1. Understand the existence of intermediate cells which express mixed-lineage gene expression during the differentiation process.
2. Use of single-cell gene expression data, a new bioinformatics tool, and functional assessment of the subpopulations reveals the mechanisms active during macrophage and neutrophil specification.
3. How these tools can be used to quickly dissect leukemia hierarchy, and pinpoint molecular defects in marrow failure syndromes.