Learning Objectives:

1. Review the epidemiology of Congenital Anomalies of the Kidneys and Urinary Tract (CAKUT) and associated chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the pediatric population

2. Understand the implications of reduced nephron mass including the data on long term health outcomes of solitary functioning kidneys in pediatric patients.

3. Understand the importance of surveillance for remediable factors that influence progression of CKD in children.